is a theory that posits the existence of a law whose content is set by nature and that therefore has validity every think. The phrase natural law is sometimes opposed to the positive law of a given political community, or state of nation, and thus can function as a standard by which to criticize that law. In natural law jurisprudence, on the other hand, the content of positive law cannot be known without some reference to the natural law (or something like it). Used in this way, natural law can be evoked to criticize decisions about the statutes, but less so to criticize the law itself. Some use natural law synonymously with natural justice or natural right although most contemporary political and legal theorists separate the two.
The idea of natural law in ethics has had a long and varied history – so much so . in fact that it is difficult to pick out the essential ingredients in a natural law ethic .
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